Targeted Therapy
About Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapy is a precision cancer treatment that attacks specific cancer cell molecules while sparing healthy cells. Used for cancers like breast, lung, and colorectal, it blocks cancer growth, cuts off its blood supply, or boosts the immune system. Compared to chemotherapy, it’s more precise with fewer side effects, though some may experience fatigue or skin issues.
Types of Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapy is designed to attack specific cancer cell molecules while minimizing damage to healthy cells. The main types include:
- Monoclonal Antibodies – Laboratory-made antibodies that attach to cancer cells and block their growth.
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) – Target enzymes that help cancer cells grow and multiply.
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors – Prevent the formation of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow.
- Immunotherapy-Based Targeted Therapy – Boosts the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
- Hormone Receptor Blockers – Used in hormone-sensitive cancers like breast and prostate cancer to stop hormone-driven growth
How is Targeted Therapy Given?
Targeted therapy is administered based on the type of cancer, genetic factors, and treatment goals. The main methods include:
- Oral Medications – Targeted therapy drugs are available as pills or capsules taken daily or as prescribed.
- Intravenous (IV) Infusion – Some targeted drugs are given through an IV drip in a hospital or clinic, often in cycles.
- Injection – Certain therapies are injected directly into the bloodstream or affected area for better precision.
The treatment plan varies for each patient and may be combined with chemotherapy, radiation, or immunotherapy for greater effectiveness.
Common Side Effects of Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapy specifically attacks cancer cells, but it can also cause side effects depending on the type of drug and individual response. Common side effects include:
- Fatigue – Feeling tired due to the body's response to treatment.
- Skin Problems – Rashes, dry skin, or itching, especially with monoclonal antibody treatments.
- Digestive Issues – Nausea, diarrhea, or changes in appetite.
- High Blood Pressure – Some targeted therapies can affect blood pressure levels.
- Liver Problems – Changes in liver function may require monitoring.
Managing Targeted Therapy Side Effects
Targeted therapy can cause side effects, but they can be managed effectively with the right approach:
- Fatigue – Get enough rest, maintain a healthy diet, and engage in light exercise.
- Skin Issues – Use mild skincare products and keep the skin moisturized to reduce irritation.
- Digestive Problems – Eat a balanced diet, stay hydrated, and take prescribed medications for nausea or diarrhea.
- High Blood Pressure – Regular monitoring, lifestyle changes, and medications can help control it.
- Liver Health – Routine check-ups and avoiding alcohol or unnecessary medications protect liver function.