Stomach Cancer
All Type of Cancers
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About Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer develops in the lining of the stomach and can spread to nearby organs if not detected early. It often grows slowly, making early symptoms difficult to notice. Advances in medical research have improved treatment options, leading to better survival rates. A healthy lifestyle and regular screenings can help reduce the risk and aid in early detection. Raising awareness is essential to improving outcomes and promoting better digestive health.
Causes of Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer develops when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the stomach lining, often due to genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major cause, leading to chronic stomach inflammation. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a diet high in processed, salty, or smoked foods increase the risk. Obesity, long-term acid reflux (GERD), and stomach polyps may contribute to cancer development. A family history of stomach cancer or inherited genetic mutations can also raise the risk. Maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding tobacco, and regular screenings can help lower the chances of developing stomach cancer.
Symptoms of Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer symptoms often appear in later stages and may include:
- Persistent Indigestion & Heartburn – Frequent discomfort, bloating, or acid reflux.
- Unexplained Weight Loss – fast weight loss without dietary or exercise modifications.
- Loss of Appetite & Feeling Full Quickly – Reduced hunger and early satiety after small meals.
- Abdominal Pain & Discomfort – Persistent pain or pressure in the stomach area.
- Nausea, Vomiting, or Blood in Stool – Vomiting (sometimes with blood) and dark, tarry stools.
Diagnosis of Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer is diagnosed using various tests to detect tumors and determine the cancer stage.
- Endoscopy (Gastroscopy) – A thin tube with a camera examines the stomach lining for abnormalities.
- Biopsy – A small tissue sample is taken during endoscopy to check for cancer cells.
- Barium Swallow X-ray – A contrast liquid helps highlight stomach irregularities in X-ray images.
- CT Scan, MRI, or PET Scan – Imaging tests determine tumor size, location, and possible spread.
- Blood Tests (Tumor Markers & CBC) – Detects signs of stomach cancer and evaluates overall health.
Treatment of Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer treatment depends on the stage, location, and overall health of the patient. Common options include:
- Surgery (Gastrectomy): Partial or total removal of the stomach to eliminate the cancerous tumor.
- Radiation Therapy: High-energy beams target and destroy cancer cells, sometimes combined with chemotherapy.
- Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells, often before or after surgery to shrink or prevent recurrence.
- Targeted Therapy: Focuses on specific proteins in cancer cells to slow their growth.
- Immunotherapy: Boosts the immune system to help recognize and attack stomach cancer cells.