Ovarian Cancer
All Type of Cancers
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About Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer affects the ovaries, which are responsible for hormone production and egg release. It is often detected in later stages due to vague early symptoms. The disease can spread to nearby organs if not diagnosed early, making awareness and regular check-ups essential. Advances in medical treatments have improved survival rates and treatment options. Early detection and proactive health management play a key role in better outcomes.
Causes of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer develops when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the ovaries, influenced by genetic, hormonal, and lifestyle factors. Family history and inherited gene mutations (such as BRCA1 and BRCA2) significantly increase the risk. Aging, especially after menopause, is another major factor. Hormonal imbalances, long-term estrogen therapy, and reproductive history (such as never being pregnant) may contribute to cancer development. Obesity, smoking, and exposure to harmful environmental toxins can also increase the likelihood. Regular medical check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and genetic testing can help in early detection and prevention.
Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer develops when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the ovaries, influenced by genetic, hormonal, and lifestyle factors. Family history and inherited gene mutations (such as BRCA1 and BRCA2) significantly increase the risk. Aging, especially after menopause, is another major factor. Hormonal imbalances, long-term estrogen therapy, and reproductive history (such as never being pregnant) may contribute to cancer development. Obesity, smoking, and exposure to harmful environmental toxins can also increase the likelihood. Regular medical check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and genetic testing can help in early detection and prevention.
- Abdominal Bloating & Swelling – Persistent bloating or a feeling of fullness.
- Pelvic or Lower Abdominal Pain – Ongoing discomfort or pressure in the pelvic area.
- Frequent Urination – Increased urge to urinate, even without drinking more fluids.
- Changes in Appetite – Loss of appetite or feeling full quickly after eating.
- Unexplained Weight Loss & Fatigue – Sudden weight changes and persistent tiredness.
Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is diagnosed through a combination of tests to detect tumors and confirm the stage of the disease.
- Pelvic Exam – A doctor checks for any unusual swelling or masses in the ovaries.
- Ultrasound (Transvaginal or Abdominal) – Uses sound waves to detect abnormal growths.
- Blood Test (CA-125 Marker) – Measures levels of CA-125, a protein often elevated in ovarian cancer.
- CT Scan, MRI, or PET Scan – Provides detailed images to determine the tumor’s size and spread.
- Biopsy – A sample of ovarian tissue is examined to confirm cancer.
Treatment of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer treatment depends on the stage, type, and overall health of the patient. Common treatment options include:
- Surgery(Oophorectomy or Hysterectomy): Removal of one or both ovaries, fallopian tubes, or the uterus to eliminate cancer.
- Chemotherapy: Uses powerful drugs to destroy cancer cells, often given after surgery to prevent recurrence.
- Targeted Therapy: Focuses on specific cancer cell proteins to slow tumor growth and improve treatment response.
- Hormone Therapy: Blocks hormones that fuel certain ovarian cancers, especially in hormone-sensitive cases.
- Immunotherapy: Boosts the immune system to help recognize and attack cancer cells, used in advanced cases.