Thyroid Cancer
All Type of Cancers
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About Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide, affecting the lungs' ability to function properly. It develops when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in lung tissue, potentially spreading to other organs. Early detection significantly improves survival rates, but it is often diagnosed in later stages. Advances in medical research have led to improved therapies, including targeted treatments and immunotherapy. Raising awareness and promoting lung health can help reduce the impact of this disease.
Causes of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer develops when lung cells are damaged due to long-term exposure to harmful substances. The leading cause is smoking, as toxic chemicals in cigarettes trigger abnormal cell growth. Secondhand smoke exposure also increases the risk for non-smokers. Environmental factors like air pollution, radon gas, asbestos, and industrial chemicals contribute to lung damage. Genetics and family history may make some individuals more vulnerable to lung cancer. Additionally, chronic lung diseases (such as COPD) and long-term lung infections can increase the risk.
Symptoms of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer symptoms often appear in later stages, making early detection crucial. Common signs include:
- Chronic cough – A long-term cough that becomes more severe as time goes on.
- Chest Pain – Discomfort or pain in the chest, especially when coughing or breathing deeply.
- Shortness of Breath – Difficulty breathing even during mild activities.
- Unexplained Weight Loss – A sudden drop in weight that is not due to any changes in diet or physical activity.
- Coughing Up Blood – Blood in mucus or persistent coughing with streaks of blood.
Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
Diagnosing lung cancer involves several tests to detect abnormal growths and determine the stage of the disease:
- Chest X-ray – A simple imaging test to identify lung abnormalities.
- CT Scan – Provides detailed cross-sectional images to detect small tumors.
- Sputum Cytology – Examines mucus (sputum) under a microscope for cancer cells.
- Biopsy (Tissue Sample Test) – A sample is taken via bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, or surgery to confirm cancer.
- PET Scan & MRI – Helps determine if cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Treatment of Lung Cancer
- Surgery – Removes the tumor or affected lung tissue if cancer is detected early.
- Radiation Therapy – Uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells, often combined with other treatments.
- Chemotherapy – Powerful drugs kill or slow cancer cell growth, used before or after surgery.
- Targeted Therapy – Attacks specific cancer cell mutations while sparing healthy cells.
- Immunotherapy – Boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer effectively.